Lagidium is a genus of rodents in the family Chinchillidae. It contains these species: The number of species of mountain viscachas was considered to be three by most authors: L. peruanum (northern or montane viscacha), L. viscacia (southern or mountain viscacha), and L. wolffsohni (Wolffsohn’s viscacha). However, taxonomy usually differs by authors (e.g. L. peruanum is included within L. viscacia according to Anderson 1997). L. ahuacaense is a new species from Ecuador described in June 2009